了解下ES6中的Generator基本使用方法。先来一段Generator的基础代码:
function* g(){ yield 100; yield 200; return 300; } let gg = g(); console.log(gg); // Object [Generator] {} console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 100, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 200, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 300, done: true } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: undefined, done: true }
2.Generator异步编程
generator是ES6中引入的异步解决方案,我们来看看它与promise处理异步的对比,来看它们的差异。
// 这里模拟了一个异步操作 function asyncFunc(data) { return new Promise( resolve => { setTimeout( function() { resolve(data) },1000 ) }) }
promise的处理方式:
asyncFunc("abc").then( res => { console.log(res); // "abc" return asyncFunc("def") }).then( res => { console.log(res); // "def" return asyncFunc("ghi") }).then( res => { console.log(res); // "ghi" })
generator的处理方式:
function* g() { const r1 = yield asyncFunc("abc"); console.log(r1); // "abc" const r2 = yield asyncFunc("def"); console.log(r2); // "def" const r3 = yield asyncFunc("ghi"); console.log(r3); // "ghi" } let gg = g(); let r1 = gg.next(); r1.value.then(res => { let r2 = gg.next(res); r2.value.then(res => { let r3 = gg.next(res); r3.value.then(res => { gg.next(res) }) }) })
promise多次回调显得比较复杂,代码也不够简洁,generator在异步处理上看似同步的代码,实际是异步的操作,唯一就是在处理上会相对复杂,如果只进行一次异步操作,generator更合适。
3.yield和yield*
先来看两段代码
function* g1() { yield 100; yield g2(); return 400; } function* g2() { yield 200; yield 300; } let gg = g1(); console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 100, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: Object [Generator] {}, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 400, done: true } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: undefined, done: true }
function* g1() { yield 100; yield* g2(); return 400; } function* g2() { yield 200; yield 300; } let gg = g1(); console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 100, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 200, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 300, done: false } console.log(gg.next()); // { value: 400, done: true }
yield对另一个generator不会进行遍历,返回的是迭代器对象,而yield*会对generator进行遍历迭代。
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